District of Nepal · Lumbini Province
Rupandehi District: land cover, map and municipalities
Agriculture land is the largest land cover in Rupandehi District, at 61.2% of its area. Forest covers 23.0% (less than the national 41.4%), farmland 61.2%, rangeland 3.1%, built-up land 10.9%, bare land, rock and snow 1.3% and water 0.6%.
Land cover of Rupandehi District
Show the numbers
| Class | Share (%) | 95% interval | Area (km²) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Urban land | 10.9 | 5.0–16.8 | 142 |
| Agriculture land | 61.2 | 34.1–88.3 | 799 |
| Rangeland | 3.1 | 0.0–6.8 | 41 |
| Forest land | 23.0 | 0.0–56.4 | 299 |
| Water | 0.6 | 0.0–1.5 | 7 |
| Barren land | 1.3 | 0.0–4.2 | 16 |
Latest high-resolution imagery (captured 2011–2026, median 2025-11). Estimated from 9 randomly placed 1.2 km sample windows classified by the Nepal-adapted U-Net; intervals are 95% confidence. How it works.
Rupandehi District year by year
Largest changes in the reference map from 2017 to 2025: agriculture land −4.0 points, urban land +3.6 points, forest land −0.3 points.
Coloured lines: the U-Net on each year's Sentinel-2 cloudless mosaic, with 95% intervals. Grey: the independent 10 m Impact Observatory map at the same sites. Differences of a few points between years can come from how each year's mosaic was processed, and the 2016 and 2018 mosaics are read less reliably (too little built-up land, too much bare land and water); compare from 2019 on.
Municipalities and rural municipalities of Rupandehi District
| Local unit | Area (km²) | Forest % | Farmland % | Built-up % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Butwal | 102 | 49.0 | 17.2 | 31.2 |
| Devdaha | 137 | 56.5 | 25.0 | 16.5 |
| Gaidahawa | 97 | 9.0 | 75.5 | 14.0 |
| Kanchan | 59 | 24.3 | 54.9 | 20.2 |
| Kotahimai | 58 | 1.5 | 79.0 | 16.8 |
| Lumbini Sanskritik | 112 | 0.8 | 85.0 | 13.3 |
| Lumbini Sanskritik | 8 | 38.6 | 24.4 | 26.7 |
| Marchawari | 49 | 1.4 | 79.6 | 18.5 |
| Mayadevi | 73 | 0.8 | 75.8 | 20.6 |
| Om Satiya | 49 | 0.7 | 78.4 | 19.9 |
| Rohini | 65 | 0.9 | 83.2 | 15.3 |
| Sainamaina | 161 | 58.0 | 22.0 | 18.1 |
| Sammarimai | 51 | 0.8 | 81.1 | 15.8 |
| Siddharthanagar | 36 | 0.6 | 50.1 | 46.5 |
| Siyari | 66 | 2.7 | 76.2 | 18.0 |
| Suddhodhan | 58 | 1.3 | 75.6 | 20.0 |
| Tilottama | 126 | 11.2 | 47.6 | 40.1 |
Local-unit land cover is from the 10 m Impact Observatory map (2025), clipped to each boundary.
Fires in Rupandehi District each year
Satellite fire detections (NASA FIRMS, VIIRS S-NPP) inside Rupandehi District: about 364 a year on average, most in 2016 (672).
Questions about Rupandehi District
- What is the forest cover of Rupandehi District?
- About 23.0% of Rupandehi District is forest (95% interval 0.0–56.4%), roughly 299 km², according to the Nepal-adapted U-Net applied to 9 sample sites. That ranks 64th of 77 districts.
- How much of Rupandehi District is built-up or urban?
- Built-up land covers about 10.9% (142 km²). Rupandehi District ranks 18th of 77 districts for built-up share.
- How big is Rupandehi District?
- Rupandehi District covers 1,305 km² and has 17 local units (municipalities and rural municipalities).
Source: Nepal-adapted U-Net (Khadka & Pradhan 2026) on Esri and EOX Sentinel-2 cloudless imagery; Impact Observatory/Esri 10 m land cover; boundaries: Survey Department of Nepal via OCHA.